A daily and 500 m coupled evapotranspiration and gross primary production product across China during 2000–2020

Abstract. Accurate high-resolution actual evapotranspiration (ET) and gross primary production (GPP) information is essential for understanding the large-scale water carbon dynamics. However, substantial uncertainties exist in current ET GPP datasets China because of insufficient local ground measurements used model constraint. This study utilizes a water–carbon coupled model, Penman–Monteith–Leuning Version 2 (PML-V2), to estimate 500 m at daily scale. The parameters PML-V2(China) were well calibrated against observations 26 eddy covariance flux towers across nine plant functional types China, indicated by Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) 0.75 root mean square error (RMSE) 0.69 mm d−1 ET, respectively, NSE 0.82 RMSE 1.71 g C m−2 GPP. estimates get small Bias 6.28 % high water-balance annual 10 major river basins China. Further evaluations suggest that newly developed product better than other typical products (MOD16A2, SEBAL, GLEAM, MOD17A2H, VPM, EC-LUE) estimating both Moreover, accurately monitors intra-annual variations croplands with dual-cropping system. new data showed that, during 2001–2018, use experienced significant (p<0.001) increase (8.99 yr−2 0.02 mm−1 H2O yr−1, respectively), but non-significant (p>0.05) (0.43 yr−2). indicates vegetation exhibits huge potential sequestration little cost resources. provides great opportunity academic communities various agencies scientific studies applications, freely available https://doi.org/10.11888/Terre.tpdc.272389 (Zhang He, 2022).